TCS成果分享


解嚴後民眾社團參與的變遷:時期與世代的效應與意涵
Changes of Participation in Voluntary Associations after the Lift of Martial Law: Effects and Implications of Period and Cohort

作者
熊瑞梅、張峰彬、林亞鋒  Ray-May Hsung, Fengbin Chang, Ya-Feng Lin
出處
台灣的社會變遷1985~2005:傳播與政治行為
出版年
2013
卷期
頁數
283-328
關鍵字(中)
情感性社團、工具性社團、年齡─時期─世代分析法、民主轉型、高教擴張
關鍵字(英)
instrumental associations, expressive associations, age-period-cohort analysis, democratic transition, educational expansion
摘要(中)
本研究合併1990、1992、1995、1997、2000、2002、2005和2007等八年的「台灣社會變遷基本調查」民眾社團參與的資料,引進Yang與Land(2006)的年齡─時期─世代分析法,企圖釐清社團參與變遷趨勢的時期與世代的效應。本研究發現民眾社團參與在1995到2000年間呈現些微下降,到2000年後劇降,2007年有微升的狀況。根據層級線性分析的交叉分類隨機效應模型分析,1990-2007年民眾社團參與變遷趨勢,時期和世代具有顯著的影響效應。經過控制個人特質的固定效應(性別、年齡、族群、大學畢業履歷)後,時期的效應大於世代。1990-1995年民眾社團參與率相對保持在較高的水準,但2000年以後社團參與下降的趨勢便很明顯。出生於1956-1965年的世代是社團參與最多的世代,其前後兩個世代也是積極參與社團的世代,1980年以後的世代出現顯著地不積極參與社團的現象。大學畢業者在情感性社團參與數目,在時期上的隨機效應是不明顯的,但大學畢業者對工具性社團參與數目,在時期上的隨機效應卻很顯著。
摘要(英)
This study merged eight years of data on voluntary association participation from the 1990, 1992, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2002, 2005, and 2007 Taiwan Social Change Surveys, using Yang and Land's(2006)age-period-cohort approach to analyze the effects of those factors on changes in participation. This study found that there was a small decline between 1995 and 2000, a dramatic decline after 2000, and a small amount of growth in 2007. According to results from a cross-classified random effects model, the influences of period and cohort on these changes are significant. After controlling for gender, age, ethnicity, and attainment of a college degree, the effect of period was greater than that of cohort. We found that the 1956-1965 cohort was the most active in terms of participation in voluntary associations, and that post-1980 cohorts were generally inactive. The effects of college generation were not significant in terms of the number of expressive voluntary associations across different periods, but they were significant for instrumental voluntary associations.